The Global Warming Debate Essay -- Climate Change Debate

The concept of global warming has become one of the most widely debated and controversial topics of our time. Scientists learned long ago that the earth’s climate has powerfully shaped the history of humanity. However, it is only in the past few decades that research has revealed that humans have a significant influence on the climate as well. A growing body of scientific evidence indicates that since 1950, the world’s climate has been warming, primarily as a result of emissions from the burning of fossil fuels and the destruction of tropical forests. More importantly, an article titled "Global Warming" published in the New York Times shows that methane, a gas that is emitted from landfills, livestock and oil gas facilities, is a close second to the carbon dioxide impact on the atmosphere (â€Å"Global Warming†). Though there are many scientists who support and can prove that global warming really does exist, a team of scientists from Competitive Ent erprise Institute (CEI) spend their time and energy disproving the myths behind global warming. According to the CEI website, CEI is a company that specializes in debunking those who warn about global warming and climate change (Competitive Enterprise Institute). CEI was founded in 1984 by a group of scientists who all wanted to answer the same question: is global warming real or is it a myth? A compelling argument is presented by the scientists who work for CEI who believe that global warming is a bunch of nonsense that the government wants the public to believe. I believe that instead of believing what the government tells us is true about global warming, we should take action and find the truth ourselves. My argument will begin with an analysis of ... ...hange.† The EPA: Climate Change- Science. EPA, 2011. Web, 9 Nov. 2011. â€Å"Global Warming.† New York Times. 30 Sept. 2011. N. pag. Print. Hawken, Paul. Blessed Unrest. 1st ed. New York: Penguin Group, 2007. 2. Print. "Home." The Greens/Green Party USA. Green Party, 2011. Web. 10 Nov. 2011. Horner, Christopher C. The Politically Incorrect Guide to Global Warming: (and Environmentalism). Washington D.C.: Regnery Publishing, 2007. Print. Jenkins, Amber. Site editor. "Global Warming: Vital Signs of the Planet." Climate Change: Evidence. NASA, 2011. Web. 10 Nov. 2011. Johnson, Paul. â€Å"The Nonsense of Global Warming.† Forbes. 182. 6. (2008): 25. Print Kump, Lee R. "The Last Great Global Warming." Scientific American. 305.1 (Jul 2011): 56-61. Print. Starck, Walter. "Global Warming - Myth, Threat or Opportunity." National Observer. Winter.77 (2008): 43-47. Print.

Hemingway’s Writing Style Essay

From almost the beginning of his writing career, Hemingway’s distinctive style occasioned a great deal of comment and controversy. Basically, his style is simple, direct, and unadorned, probably as a result of his early newspaper training. He avoids the adjective whenever possible, but because he is a master at transmitting emotion without the flowery prose of his Victorian novelist predecessors, the effect is far more telling. In Observations on the Style of Ernest Hemingway, from â€Å"Contexts of Criticism† by Harry Levin (Harvard University Press, 1957), the critic says: â€Å"Hemingway puts his emphasis on nouns because, among other parts of speech, they come closest to things. Stringing them along by means of conjunctions, he approximates the actual flow of experience. † Hemingway has often been described as a master of dialog, and most readers agree, upon being first introduced to his writing, that â€Å"this is the way these characters would really talk. † It is interesting to note, however, that Hemingway’s one attempt at playwriting was a failure. Actually, a close examination of his dialog will reveal that this is rarely the way people really speak. The effect is accomplished, rather, by the calculated emphasis and repetition which makes us remember what has been said. Since the critics cannot entirely agree on Hemingway’s style, perhaps the best way is to put it into the author’s own words. Shortly before his tragic death, Hemingway gave to the Wisdom Foundation in California a collection of his observations on life and art, love and death. They were published in the January 1963, issue of Playboy magazine, and in them Hemingway said of his writing: I do most of my work in my head. I never begin to write until my ideas are in order. Frequently I recite passages of dialogue as it is being written; the ear is a good censor. I never set down a sentence on paper until I have it so expressed that it will be clear to anyone. Yet, I sometimes think that my style is suggestive rather than direct. The reader must often use his imagination or lose the most subtle part of my thoughts. I take great pains with my work, pruning and revising with a tireless hand. I have the welfare of my creations very much at heart. I cut them with infinite care, and burnish them until they become brilliants. What many another writer would be content to leave in massive proportions, I polish into a tiny gem. Hemingway goes on at some length, but the essence of what he says may be in this paragraph: A writer’s style should be direct and personal, his imagery rich and earthy, and his words simple and vigorous. The greatest writers have the gift of brilliant brevity, are hard workers, diligent scholars and competent stylists. To explain Hemingway’s style adequately in a few paragraphs is impossible. Scores of articles, and even some books, have been written on the subject, and it is to these that the serious student should go for additional, more detailed information.

Music in the Caribbean - 3392 Words

Music in the Caribbean The genre of Caribbean Music encompasses a diverse variety of musical styles and traditions from islands that are located in the Caribbean Sea and it represents something that is simple, exotic yet rich and wonderful. The styles range anywhere from traditional folk genres such as the Puerto Rican aguinaldo and Jamaican mento to more contemporary music such as salsa and reggae. They are each syntheses of African, European, Indian and Indigenious influences, largely created by African slave descendants, along with contribution from other communities. Some of the styles that gained wide popularity outside of the Caribbean includes reggae, zouk, salsa, bouyon, calypso, soca, reggaeton and punta. The diverse history†¦show more content†¦In 1985, Under Mi Sleng Teng marked the complete break from reggae tradition, as it became the first record to be recorded without a bass line. There are several versions of the origin of the calypso which emerged as an identifiable genre towards the end of the nineteenth century. Calypso represents a mixture of several folk songs in the African tradition. In its original functions to praise or deride, to comment and to relate it is similar to a type of song that is universal. The early kaiso was sung in French patois, in the minor mode. It was accompanied by the traditional African drum ensemble and chorus. Themes varied widely. However, satirical political and social commentary, and the male-female relationship were, and continue to be, extremely popular. Traditionally, calypso singers have exhibited highly personalized styles in dress, theme and presentation. Since the turn of the century, the calypso has been sung in English. Great emphasis was placed on the ability to compose intricate lyrics with long, obscure words, and to improvise. The art of improvisation is still demonstrated in the ex tempo which is usually a com petitive performance by two singers. Modern calypso (or kaiso) was invented in Trinidad, but its influence has spread out to infect all of the Caribbean. Each island has well respected, major Calypsonians and nationalShow MoreRelatedCaribbean Music1076 Words   |  5 PagesCARIBBEAN MUSIC Introduction: Caribbean music originated from the Caribbean Islands, also known as the West Indies, and is a mixture of West African and European predominantly Spanish influences. The music has its origin when West African slaves were brought to Caribbean Island. They composed music with the help of percussion instruments like drums, bells and shakers. The music had unique musical style elements with special tempo-setting rhythms created by claves or bells, multi-layered andRead MoreMusic in the Caribbean1264 Words   |  6 PagesMusic is â€Å"The art of arranging sounds in time so as to produce a continuous, unified, and evocative composition, as through melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre† ( Farlex, Inc 2013). Caribbean music has its own unique history, is very diverse with each island having its own unique genre of music. With so many different types of music out there and different performing artists these artists are looking for ways to make money by becoming popular. Music in the Caribbean was first developed by the NeoRead More Degradation of Women in Caribbean Music Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pagesattention, playing on their sense of eroticism. The sections titled â€Å"Music, Sex, Sexism† and â€Å"Woman Rising† within Peter Manuel’s text: Caribbean Currents, dive into the many issues surrounding gender within music as well as female portrayal specifically in calypso. Observations can be made simply by reading through the textual comparisons. Many aspects of this subject area allude to the fact that the issue of gender portrayal in music can be construed differently depending on who the critical listenerRead MoreThe True Beauty Of Music1430 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The true beauty of music is that it connects people. It carries a message, and we the musicians are the messengers†. Music has been the source of comfort for many people around the world who are battling hardships; it helps connect people who share s imilar experiences and aspire to share the same message together. In the Caribbean region, they all shared some fundamental experiences; in particular, the history of slavery. Enslaved people suffered extreme punishments, diseases, poverty, and rapeRead MoreBrazil And Caribbean Culture Essay1694 Words   |  7 PagesWithin Brazil and the Caribbean lies a racial mixture of cultures. Since the 1930s the people have, overall, enthusiastically adopted the notion that racial and cultural mixture defines this regions national identity (Samba 1). This region consists of a very historic background which has shaped the beliefs and customs of celebration, music and dance. Sugar cane was brought to the new worldRead More reggae music Essay1128 Words   |  5 Pages Reggae is the most internationally famous style of Caribbean music. Reggae, which is one of the world’s most influential music, was originated in Jamaica around the mid 1960’s. At first reggae was first performed by and for poor Jamaican’s, but quickly became popular throughout the Caribbean and around the world. Most reggae songs deal with social concerns and religious beliefs of the Afro-Caribbean awareness of the Rastafarian religion. The term reggae is also applied today to reggae’s precursorRead MoreEssay on History of Rumba, Merengue and Salsa1379 Words   |  6 PagesJamaican Rex Nettleford was correct when he said, â€Å"’dance was a primary instrument of survival’.† As such a vital part of cultural traditions, dance plays and integral role in the history culture. Three of the most influential styles of dance in the Caribbean are th e Rumba, The Merengue, and the Salsa. The word Rumba is defined by the Merriam Webster Dictionary as â€Å"a ballroom dance of Haitian and Dominican origin in 2/4 time in which one foot is dragged on every step.† Here, however, Rumba is a collectionRead More An Overview of Reggae Music Essay1268 Words   |  6 Pagesgenre of music that originated in Jamaica during the late 1960s. It is known for the heavy and strong emphasis on the bass within the background beat. Reggae was perceived as a kind of music used to express feelings about the social, political, and economic hardships in Jamaica during the late 1960s and early 1970s. It was performed by musicians from black ghettos who used unhurried beats to make a style of music of their own. Reggae became an important part of the lifestyle of many Caribbean islanders;Read MoreCaribbean Culture Is Affected By Migration1334 Words   |  6 Pages Caribbean culture is affected greatly by migration. The foundation of Caribbean culture was based on the forced migration of African people, indentured east-Indian workers, the migration and colonization’s of European powers like the Spanish, British, and French. The history of each island is individually different but they all share the foundation of a syncretism for development each nation’s culture. Over time how individuals would migrate from country to country has changed a lot, especiallyRead MoreThe World Cup Of The Middle Of A Crowd Singing1628 Words   |  7 Pagescah we name World Cup!† Every Friday night at ten o’clock, I find myself in the middle of a crowd singing these lyrics at the top of my lungs. Comfortable vibes, nice music, and people from all over Broward and Miami-Dade County, gather at Runway Doral to represent their beautiful Caribbean nationalities. As I dance to the soca music and sing along to Popcaan’s â€Å"World Cupâ⠂¬ , I always find myself appreciating my culture more than ever before. With my hands in the air, and my mind far from reality, I

Discuss How Race and Ethnicity Perpetuate Inequality in...

When groups of people see themselves, or are perceived by others, to be racially distinct from the rest of a population, the question that arises is whether members of these groups are treated equally. Politicians have long spoken of being a multicultural society, promoting tolerance and integration. Proud of a society where one can reap in financial or social status rewards through sheer hard work Ââ€" where the nature of ones race or ethnicity is not a factor. Bessant (2002) said racist attitudes are alive and well today. The concepts of ‘race and ‘ethnicity perpetuate inequality for people who are considered different from the dominant group. This essay will show how race and ethnicity are at a disadvantage to equally accessing†¦show more content†¦Examples of racist behaviour include ridicule, racist abuse, property damage, racial harassment, racist propaganda, racial vilification and physical assault. It also includes practices that exploit or exclude members of particular groups from aspects of society. Racist behaviour may be direct or indirect in nature. Direct racial discrimination is the unfair or unequal treatment of a person or group on racial grounds. An example would be employers who wont hire someone on the basis of their cultural background. This type of discrimination is usually deliberate. Indirect racial discrimination is seemly equitable on the surface, but in practice disadvantages people from particular groups. Indirect racial discrimination can occur even when there is no intention to discriminate. Racism has played a central role in Australias history, firstly, in the relationship between Indigenous people and the Europeans. Aborigines endured a long history of social injustice through the Europeans invasion, which saw demographic, spiritual catastrophe and cultural dispossession. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were disposed of their land and were discriminated against by the first British and European settlers. Colonisation meant local populations lost their traditionalShow MoreRelatedCultural Competency Definitions8081 Words   |  33 PagesMinistry of Healthy Living and Sport and its’ stakeholders and partners. Culture General Definitions of Culture It is important to define what is meant by culture. Definitions of culture are often confused by using terminology such as ‘race’ and ‘ethnicity’ but a basic definition of culture reveals a far broader understanding. One definition of culture is: The totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thoughtRead MoreFamily As A Social Institution Doc Essay5585 Words   |  23 PagesThree 07 3.4 Stage Four 07-08 3.5 Stage Five 08 3.6 Stage Six 08 4. Role Of Family 08-09 4.1 Toward children 09 4.2 Toward Parent 09-10 5. Theoretical analysis of the family 10 5.1 Function of the family structural functional analysis 10-11 5.2 INEQUALITY AND THE FAMILY 11 5.2.1 SOCIAL CONFLICT ANALYSIS 12 5.3 Micro level analysis 12 5.3.1 Interactionist view 12 6. Family Life in Different Time 12 6.1 IN THE PAST 12-13 6.2 In The Present 13-14 7. Existence of family life in future 14-15 8. InteractionRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesphase of the human experience, render it impervious to generalized pronouncements and difficult to conceptualize broadly. As the essays in this collection document in detail, paradox pervades the time span we call the twentieth century, no matter how it is temporally delineated. Never before in history, for example, had so many humans enjoyed such high standards of living, and never had so many been so impoverished or died of malnutrition and disease. If the period from the 1870s is included inRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesdevelopment of Rasta that deï ¬ es the notion that it is a movement of the insane and the misguided. Given the way in which Rastafarianism has arrived in the world, it is useful when someone is able to help us understand its origins and propose how we can then comprehend how it functions in the world today. Again and again, I encounter students who are interested in reggae music and the music of Bob Marley, but they remain deeply puzzled by Rastafarianism because of its seemingly peculiar tenets of faithRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesUnderstanding Cultural Environments 4 The Changing World of Technology What Is a Knowledge Worker? 6 How Technology Affects HRM Practices 6 Recruiting 7 Employee Selection 7 Training and Development 7 Ethics and Employee Rights 7 Motivating Knowledge Workers 7 Paying Employees Market Value 8 Communications 8 Decentralized Work Sites 8 Skill Levels 8 A Legal Concern 8 Employee Involvement 20 How Organizations Involve Employees 20 Employee Involvement Implications for HRM 20 Other HRM ChallengesRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesOrganizational Theory takes you on a joyful ride through the developments of one of the great enigmas of our time – How should we understand the organization? Jan Ole Similà ¤, Assistant Professor, Nord-Trà ¸ndelag University College, Norway I really enjoyed this new text and I am sure my students will enjoy it, too. It combines rigorous theoretical argument with application and consideration of how managment practice is formed and shaped by ideas and concepts. The authors have brought their wealth of experienceRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesRating Scale 166 Comparison Data 166 Source of Personal Stress 166 3 SOLVING PROBLEMS ANALYTICALLY AND CREATIVELY 167 SKILL ASSESSMENT 168 Diagnostic Surveys for Creative Problem Solving 168 Problem Solving, Creativity, and Innovation 168 How Creative Are You ? 169 Innovative Attitude Scale 171 Creative Style Assessment 172 SKILL LEARNING 174 Problem Solving, Creativity, and Innovation 174 Steps in Analytical Problem Solving 174 Defining the Problem 174 Generating Alternatives 176 Evaluating

Examples Of Greed In The Great Gatsby - 1195 Words

Greed is a common flaw in all human beings, coaxing individuals to pour in all their effort without ever being satisfied. The ultimate goal for greed is generally achieving affluence. In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s insightful novel, The Great Gatsby, wealth is portrayed as the key factor in determining whether one is successful or not. Most people value prosperity over morals and ethics during the heat of pursuing their own ambitions; yet all unscrupulous behaviors do not escape God’s eyes. By utilizing eye motif, repetitions of sight words, and tone changes, F. Scott Fitzgerald justifies that avarice will always end in vain and amoral decisions will always end in regrets. Through the repetition of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg’s eyes, it becomes clear†¦show more content†¦From the pessimistic introduction, it foreshadows a later downfall. Starting from the first encounter, Nick has an indescribable feeling derived from the cogent stare. For example, as Nick and Tom slowly â€Å"walked back a hundred yards along the road under Doctor Eckleburg s persistent stare† (Fitzgerald 24), Nick feels uneasy about the inanimate billboard even though no one is staring at them. The location of the eyes, on the road half way between West Egg and New York, symbolizes the different paths of life. When one arrives at the turning point, they have their power to choose their path, but God will watch you as you make those decisions. Nick, for instance, faces the decision of whether to inform Daisy about Tom’s not so secretive affair or dissimulate the unfaithful relationship after the visit to Tom and Myrtle s secret apartment. As the decision was be ing made, God assists as a guidance. The second appearance of the eye motif serves as a warning to Nick, of all the moral consequences he will face for being dishonest. When Tom insists on driving Gatsby’s cream-colored car, Gatsby has no choice but to reluctantly agree and remind him of the necessary gas refill. Tom, being supercilious and disdainful, does not take his reminder seriously. The ride to the city is nearly silent, but â€Å"[t]hen as Doctor T.J. Eckleburg’s faded eyes came into sight down the road, [Nick] remembered Gatsby’s caution about gasoline† (FitzgeraldShow MoreRelatedMoney for Moneys Sake in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald804 Words   |  3 Pagesthink one of the most pervasive evils in this world is greed and acquiring money for money’s sake. Once you have six houses and a plane, it’s just about a number. It’s never been anything I understood.† This is a quote by Kevin Bacon, a very awesome and ap parently worldly actor, and it perfectly captures the essence of the theme that I have come to for The Great Gatsby. The theme I see most strongly reflected in the book is this: Although greed and lust are human nature, they are often used as a substituteRead MoreEssay on Greed In The Great Gatsby and The Grapes of Wrath935 Words   |  4 Pagestime of poverty and in a time of greed. Two novels, written by Steinbeck and Fitzgerald, portray this underlying greed and envy better than most novels of that period. These novels, The Great Gatsby and The Grapes of Wrath, show that despite the difference between the 1920s and the 1930s, greed remained a part of human life, whether superficially or necessarily, and that many people used their greed to damage themselves and others. In both of these novels, greed as a whole is negative, corrosiveRead MoreGreed And Materialism In The Great Gatsby Analysis1311 Words   |  6 Pagesinto a prosperous and previously foreign â€Å"consumer society† (History.com). The traits of greed and materialism are ubiquitous in The Great Gatsby, as well as in the Art Deco era of the 1920’s. These two characteristics can give one confidence, but as demonstrated in the novel, they bring nothing but short-term satisfaction. After which, feelings can run the gamut from desperation to childish behaviors. While greed and materialism have the power to seem favorable, bringing an amplification of socialRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay906 Words   |  4 PagesMaterialism in the Great Gatsby America has been labeled The land of opportunity, a place where it is possible to accomplish anything and everything. This state of mind is known as The American Dream. The American Dream provides a sense of hope and faith that looks forward to the fulfillment of human wishes and desires. This dream, however, originates from a desire for spiritual and material improvement. Unfortunately, the acquisition of material has been tied together with happiness in AmericaRead More Comparing the Perversion of Values in The Great Gatsby and Death of a Salesman1642 Words   |  7 PagesPerversion of Values in The Great Gatsby and Death of a Salesman      Ã‚   Throughout History there are many examples of perversions, from sexual, social to the very morals themselves. One of the greatest examples is the continuous corruption of the American Dream. As the Dream evolves, it tends to conform to the illicit dealings of the time and immortals of society. No longer is an individual interested in working hard to achieve goals, it is desirous of the quick fix. Society wants its wishesRead MoreNature of Man- Great Gatsby Essay1750 Words   |  7 Pagesbeing too selfish and just trying to have a better life. Being selfish requires caring only about what one wants and not what the rest of society strives for as a whole. In The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, it is evident through the characters that it is in man’s nature to be selfish through the act of cruelty, greed, and manipulating others to achieve a goal. It is in man’s nature to be selfish; this is shown through the act of cruelty. Cruelty is shown in the novel when Nick is speakingRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1258 Words   |  6 Pages What Killed Gatsby? Love or Greed? To certain people, Gatsby’s death was a cruel and surprising conclusion to The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. But there is still some mystery around the cause of Gatsby’s death. Upon meeting Gatsby for the first time, one can tell that he has an obsession centered around Daisy Buchanan, his old love, and was dead set on getting her back. Gatsby’s obsession with repeating the past is responsible for his death and Gatsby’s greed put him in a grave. FurtherRead More Fitzgeralds Exploration of the American Dream in The Great Gatsby702 Words   |  3 Pagesin The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, is a one of the best stories written during a chaotic period in our nation’s history, The Jazz Age. The Twenties were a time of social experiments, self-indulgence, and dissatisfaction for majority of Americans. Fitzgerald depicts all these characteristics throughout the novel with his interesting themes, settings, and characters. The most elaborate and symbolic character Fitzgerald presents to his readers is Jay Gatsby. FitzgeraldRead MoreThe Corruption of the American Dream in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby1345 Words   |  6 Pagesthe possibility of upward social and economic mobility earned through hard work, as corrupted and debased by the egotistic materialism of the 1920s, an era which Fitzgerald characterizes chiefly by its greed and lavish hedonism, in his celebrated novel The Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald, in The Great Gatsby, seeks to discredit the supposed purity of the American Dream and belief that anyone ca n attain it through hard work. Instead, he argues that the dream is a mere delusion, altered so significantly fromRead MoreFailure Of The American Dream In The Writings Of F. Scott Fitzgerald, Zora Neale Hurston, And August Wilson1418 Words   |  6 Pagesdefine the failure of the †American Dream† in the writings of F. Scott Fitzgerald, Arthur Miller, Zora Neale Hurston, and August Wilson. Fitzgerald’s account of the Jay Gatsby s rise to fame in the 1920s defines the failure of financial success as part of the American Dream. Gatsby will eventually die due to his excessive greed, which is not unlike the emotional death of Willy Loman as he fails to become a successful salesman in Author Miller’s Death of a Salesman. More so, Hurston’s depiction of

Adams V Cape Industries PLC - Free Sample Assignment Solution

Question: Should the corporate veil be more porous? Discuss with particular reference to Adams v Cape Industries plc [1990] Ch 433 and recent English authority? Answer: The purpose of corporate veil is to distinguish a company as a legal person that has a separate identity from its shareholders. In this way, when the relevant test has been satisfied, willingness has been shown by the courts to pierce the corporate veil. On many occasions, the courts have to deal with the question if a company has to be considered as a separate legal entity in cases where the litigants are trying to recover from the opponents and it is found that the other party to the contract is a company that has no assets of its own but at the same time, such company is a part of larger group that has the assets from which the claimant can recover. Getting Tired of Never-Ending Assignments? Hire an Expert from MyAssignmenthelp and Get the Necessary Assignment Help at a Reasonable Rate. However generally the courts applied the principle of separate legal identity of the companies that has been provided in Salomon v Salomon Co Ltd[1] and as a result, a company is considered as a separate entity from its members and therefore the courts are not willing to pierce the corporate veil. It needs to be noted in this regard that there are certain case-based exceptions to the general rule provided in Salomon v Salomon. According to the present rule, where the company has been established for commissioning fraud or with a view to avoid any pre-existing obligation, in such a case the doctrine of separate legal identity of the company can be ignored. This rule is based on the decision given by the court in Adams v Cape Industries Plc[2]. In this case, a group of employees contracted asbestos disease after these employees were working for a wholly-owned subsidiary of Cape Industries. However the Court of Appeal stated that the corporate rate cannot be pierced in this case, as despite the presence of wrongdoing in this case, such wrongdoing was not associated with the use of corporate structure as a tool to conceal or avoid its liability. At the same time, it was also stated by the court is case that the corporate veil cannot be pierced by the courts only on the ground that doing so is required in the interests of justice. While doing so, the court relied on the reasoning in Jones v Lipman[3]. In this way, the rule provided by the court in Adams v Cape Industries Plc is still followed in England when it comes to general civil liability. In view of the rule provided in this case, the English courts very rarely decide to lift the corporate veil. Therefore, generally in such cases the liability of the company is attributed only to the company itself. In view of the above discussion, it can be said that the corporate veil needs to be more porous. For example in the recent case of Caterpillar Financial Services (UK) Limited v Saenz Corp Limited, Mr Karavias, Egerton Corp Others[4], the court gave a judgment against the defendant that can be enforced against some assets of the company. In this way, this decision highlights that although it is very rare but still there are cases where the courts are ready to exercise their jurisdiction and lift the corporate veil. Case Law Adams v Cape Industries Plc [1990] Ch 433 Caterpillar Financial Services (UK) Limited v Saenz Corp Limited, Mr Karavias, Egerton Corp Others ([2012] EWHC 2888 Jones v Lipman [1962] 1 WLR 832 Salomon v Salomon Co Ltd [1897] A.C. 22 [1] Salomon v Salomon Co Ltd [1897] A.C. 22 [2] Adams v Cape Industries Plc [1990] Ch 433 [3] Jones v Lipman [1962] 1 WLR 832 [4] Caterpillar Financial Services (UK) Limited v Saenz Corp Limited, Mr Karavias, Egerton Corp Others ([2012] EWHC 2888

Business Research Method Research Proposal Sustainable Tourism Strate

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Research Method Research Proposalfor Sustainable Tourism Strategy. Answer: Introduction The Tourism Strategy in Hobsons Bay provides the strategy for developing the tourism aspects in and around Melbourne in Australia. Tourism has been significant in this area especially in the destinations around Williamstown and Hobsons Bay. The Tourism Strategy highlights the famous seasonal aspects of Hobsons Bay Tourism and it also emphasises on the negative aspects of in terms of impact on the local residents of the area in case where the Tourism activities are not planned with due diligence. The Strategy Research conducted was based on the main visitor sites of the area like Williamstown and its attractions like Altona Beach and Pier Street (Bailey, Russell 2010).The area is also well known for its coastal parks stretched along the area and the mesmerising beaches. In this report, we will conduct a literature review of the tourism in and around Melbourne. Project Scope The Project Scope is to develop a Sustainable and an enjoyable Tourism Strategy in Hobsons Bay. Project Objectives Assessing the Tourism Situation Identification of the existing tourism markets, present issues in the community, opportunities to consider for future developments Identification of methods to enhance tourism related prospects in the area Expenditure proposal for increasing the tourism related activities and maximising tourism Marketing of Tourism Coming up with newer methods of enhancing tourism marketing including campaigns Infrastructure requirements in the Community Identification of any of infrastructural changes with respect to provision of additional facilities to the Tourists International Marketing Development of International Strategies for spreading tourism in the world market including the internal marketing in Australia Funding Securing funding from sources Running campaigns in terms of spreading awareness for securing funds for the development of tourism in Hobsons Bay The listed objectives of the Project Hobsons Bay are Objective 1 - The objective of the Project was to develop and maintain a sustainable and a natural tourism environment in the Hobsons Bay Area to be maintained for the present and future generations. Strategy Develop and improve the greenery of the community by focussing on growing additional trees in the area Focus on improvement of the greenery through conservation of the natural environment and focus on using sustainable resources Develop and promote additional park lands and develop an open space network Develop and Promote effective waste management and recycling processes Objective 2 Work towards protecting the present communities of the Hobsons Bay area and ensure effective development is done. Strategy preserve the present local community attractions without causing much pollution and avoid any vehicles into the community area in order to conserve the natural beauty Align Melbourne plans of improvement of Local Tourism and its councils as per the plans by 2030 Literature Review The main plan of the Tourism Industry was to provide the critical strategic tourism development objectives for the Hobsons Bay Tourism Area. The Plan has also included the environmental conservation and contribution towards tourism in the specified area. The main tourism strategy was to target the high end market segments based on the lifestyle of Melbournes diversified population (Brown Lehto 2005). The Plan was named as Destination Melbourne in order to develop the tourism in the Melbourne Community. Products identified in order to develop the Tourism in Hobsons Bay Area are Food Industry Nature based conservation parks Cultural heritage parks and sites Shopping complexes and theatres for entertainment Accommodation Sports complexes for conducting events Gaps Identified The Plan has chosen Melbourne to be the Tourism Development area for the framework however it has not identified any other regional areas of the Community. It does not also include any framework for the development of Tourism in which the Hobson Bay fit in (Melbourne Metro Strategy 2006). Opportunities The plan has successfully integrated the positive events of Melbourne in terms of Tourism in order to develop the Hobsons Bay with the set up of short term markets with a sustainable growth. The main structures which are identified are Melbourne Leisure Parks and Convention Centres as they come under the main critical aspects of Tourism in Melbourne Area (Cook, R., Yale, L., Marqua 2010). 9391034318 / Critical Actions which are to be developed in the area are The main focus to develop tourism in the area is to develop a co operative marketing campaign and related marketing material on consent with the Tourism department of Hobsons Bay City Council Develop the infrastructure of the community and develop internet hubs wherever possible for Hobsons Bay Tourists Chalk out the Events Calendar for the entire year which can be implemented in various seasons and can also include various activities of the local residents as per their festivals and rituals throughout the year The attraction of the plan was to promote non usage of vehicles in the Hobsons Bay as it would pollute the entire area The development of ports in the area was also focussed on in coordination with the Melbourne Port Authority Form a Committee and develop a council dedicated to the committee in order to take care of the implementation of various Tourism activities in the area Primary Research Question The primary research was to develop a plan for the development of Tourism in the Melbourne area after sustainability in Hobsons Bay Council and to increase the spread of Tourism in the complete year. What are the available regulatory controls and infrastructure controls in order to improve sustainability in the area? Secondary Questions What are the possible ways of recommending sustainable management of tourism to protect and enhance the natural inhabitation and building heritage in the Hobsons Bay and reduce the negative impact of tourism related activities in the area? What is the phase wise implementation process of Tourism in the area including the cost related action plan? The recommendations for the Tourism related activity should be in alignment with the States norms and policies as per the regulations of the Tourism Development Council Research Methodologies The research methodology adapted is based on the strategy and the implementation process of the Tourism related activities. The methodology adapted for the preparation of the Tourism Development includes various factors like The initial Meetings with the Project Steering Committee in order to discuss the overall project plan, agree on the scope of the project, the methodology of the project, the implementation schedule and the project objective Field Tours of the Staff Members involved in the develop of the Tourism Council in all the areas of Hobsons Bay in order to analyse and understand the major attractions of the area, any issues related to the area in terms of taking additional care like infrastructure support, cabling work, electricity and internet related works A study of the previously executed Projects on similar lines and study of documents related to the Projects completed Documentation preparation of issues and related aspects in order to get things clarified related to the Project with the Project Steering Committee, members identified as the main core team members, City Council Members of Hobsons Bay and the Project implementation members (Coghlan Fennell 2009). Alteration of any of the standard rules and regulations in relation to the development of the Tourism Activity in the area Constant Consultation meetings to be conducted with all the critical Stakeholders, Committee members, Members of various Provinces and States to ensure they dont have any objections in the later sessions to be conducted, Members of the Government Agencies, Members of the Tourism Development Council and Members of the Project Implementation Team (Council Plan 2013 17) Community Meetings to be held in Altona and Pierta Street of Hobsons Bay in order to gain consent from the local community members related to the changes in the tourism related activities and development of newer tourism activities The Community Meetings have included discussions and have given time for the members of the Community to respond within a time frame of 6 8 weeks Research and Hypothetic Analysis Sustainable Tourism is the main business focus of various Countries and for Countries like Australia where Tourism is one of its main attractions has managed to attract millions of Tourists on an Annual basis. Sustainable Tourism is the main factor which strengthens the economies of various Countries and it also contributes to create healthy communities (Victorias Tourism Industry Strategic Plan 2006). Development of Tourism in any area also causes issues with relation to the negative impacts it might result in owing to the modern development of the Communities. Internet, Roads, Infrastructure and Rail are the main aspects which cause a lot of digging in the mountainous terrain and this eventually results in causing the unwanted pollution(Council Plan 2013). The negative aspects of Tourism have been causing a great pressure on the respective Governments of the Countries over the past 35 years. With these concerns in view, it has been made acceptable that tourism development and planning would consider all the social and environmental concerns and it would contribute to the development of the Tourism in the Countries (Cheng, Yang, Wan Chu 2013). This gives a greater scope for the development and improvement of the term sustainable tourism where their focus on the economic development of the Country will not hamper the prospects of future enjoyment of the people in that area and in the world (Victorias Tourism Industry Strategic Plan 2006). The analytical focus has been laid on the tourism development of Victoria where the tourism related activities were developed with a greater emphasis on embracing tourism and conserving the environment The Tourism was being developed with a greater focus on environmental conservation which has included points like Methods to communicate the value of natural heritage and the cultural value of the community to the local residents and the project implementation team Modern tourism to be developed in alignment with the natural environment and by maintaining the quality standards Coming up with various rewards for the environmental protection and conservation where the Project implementation and the local residents strive for maintaining the quality of work and they cherish their old heritage sites without causing any major disruption to its beauty Cost effective tourism development activities to be promoted through effective waste management activities Building various teams in the communities and holding constant meetings in order to spread awareness of the prevailing awareness issues for conserving the environment of Hobsons Bay Important Attractions of Hobsons Bay Attractions Activities Natural Entertainment Coastal Park like Altona Homestead in Altona Bird Watching Programs Cherry Lake attractions Jawbone Parks Bird Species Attractions which are of 115 Coastal Park in Point Cook Coastal Heritage Park Normal Entertainment and Attractions Sea Planes watching in Melbourne Science Works Cruise trips Stony Creek Backwash Warm Beaches Cannons and Gauge Houses Williamstown Reserve A greatest attraction Altona Pier Restaurants Natural Entertainment Beaches on the coast Logan Reserve Trips for Fishing and Boating Williamstown Beach Parks for fresh nature enjoyment Coastal heritage parks Yearly and Planned Events Williamstown Festival Bay side Festival Arts and Culture Hobsons Bay Community Heart Centre Historical Society Williamstown Town Hall The Old Fort Spotswood Pumping Station Most of the Attractions are not as well - known however some of them have been known for a lot of years to majority of the population in Australia where lots of Tourists come to visit the places. Hobsons Bay with its numerous tourist attractions has a lot of accommodation properties where the Tourists can stay with greater provisions like Bed and Breakfast. Most of the accommodation properties are Hotels and Motels including Service Apartments and Guest Houses (Morgan Xu 2009). The Accommodation properties also offer camping sites with a provision of beds especially in the natural reserves and the strong accommodation in the Hobsons Bay is because of the presence of the Corporates in the area. The area also manages to attract various types of tourists which includes niche customers and middle class customers where there is accommodation provision for all the Customer types. Transport Facilities in Hobsons Bay Hobsons Bay has been a site with many transport facilities with rail, boat, sea plane, charter boat and bikes. Most of the Tourists use road transport where they have a convenient access to reach Hobsons Bay. The tourist locations majorly are being exploited by the congestion and pollution the cars cause. The aspect of public transport has been minimal in the area to reach Hobsons Bay. There have been many surveys which were conducted and found that almost 85% of Tourists travel by their own cars. This number can be analysed where the no. of Tourists in each of those cars might be minimum however the no. of vehicles being used to travel are many. This is the main factor for a lot of pollution in majority of the Tourist locations. The areas around Hobsons Bay dont have an option to provide to the Tourists to travel other than using the road transport. This could be a major observation for the Government and the City Council of Hobsons Bay in order to co ordinate with the Project implementation team of the Tourism Development to come up with ideas where they could propose accessible transport systems in order to be created and used by the Tourists. The Tourists come and spend an average of 2 3 hours at Hobsons Bay. The observations made as a part of the study were There is not much rail transport to get to Williamstown Major lines are accessible to get to Hobsons Bay however there is not much transport available from Flinders Street and Southern Cross The boat transport which we discussed earlier that it is available for the Tourists has also been observed limited because of the weather conditions Gem Pier happens to be convenient for travel however there have been issues during the peak period with relation to the availability of the tickets Non availability of passes for train and bus for one day especially from Williamstown Even when people get there to Hobsons Bay there has not been enough space for parking at Nelsons Place. The only method to increase the Tourists and spread the marketing idea of Hobsons Bay is to increase the transport facilities and help the Tourists with appropriate parking facilities to ensure they have an enchanting holiday experience and a get away from their daily busy schedules. Marketing Analysis Tourist expectations have been increasing with the advent of no. of increased holiday and tourist destinations around the world. The major tourism trends in the world include Smaller holiday packages for busy life schedules Planning their holidays through internet and communication media Getting close to nature for relaxation and getting back to their normal life Higher expectations in terms of service especially with relation to international cuisine, local cuisine, drinks, personal services especially if the locations are close to nature Music and Party driven closed groups in the holiday destinations (Council Plan 2013) The most critical marketing issues of Hobsons Bay also include the lack of accommodation where the Tourists can escape from their busy schedules and take shorter breaks. The inter related issue of this concern is with the lack of internet technology in the area and also the Tourist department of Hobsons Bay has not made an effort to market its enchanting and serene beauty. The same is the case in Melbourne as well where the presence of Hobsons Bay is completely left out. Williamstown has done more of branding than Melbourne where most of the Tourists keep visiting. The key factor which has to be seen here is that the tourism aspect which can contribute to the rise of te economy substantially left behind (Vaid 2003). If the City Council has made an effort to advertise and increase the awareness of Hobsons Bay the tourism would have been a greater sight in that area (Jiang, Dev Rao 2002). The potential marketing campaigns which could be adapted and implemented are Getting to know the special and annual festivals of the area Hobsons Bay and highlighting any of its features in terms of rituals concerning food and entertainment which could draw a lot of Tourists Exchanging places of interest and visiting them to know more about the inter cultural practices (Raymond Hall 2008). Marketing with the help of the key attributes of the area like Bird Watchers, Leisure Parks, Recreation Centres and Group Markets Highlighting the parks where much of exercises and open air work outs could be planned and done Apart from targeting the local Melbourne and the Australian markets, it is also advisable to target the international markets where most of the people would genuinely be interested in Australia and its calm and peaceful environment. Like Melbourne, the Hobsons Bay Market could also cater to Tourists from all areas of interests like Tourists of all age groups Tourists who belong to socially active families and families who lead normal and calmer lives Tourists who come to a destination with a special interest like people who would like Bird Watching, Leisure Parks, Recreation Centres and Group Markets Wearing,Wearing and McDonald 2010). Accommodation places which can accommodate Tourists from International locations Branding The branding aspect of Hobsons Bay Tourism has been taken care of Agencies like Tourism Victoria and Tourism Melbourne known as Destination Melbourne where Williamstown has been highly branded and marketed. If we consider the site of Tourism Victoria, they have marketed heavily on Williamstown under Melbourne however there would no marketing related to Hobsons Bay (ONeill and Mattila 2004). It has also been observed that there is no exposure for Hobsons Bay and there has to be some type pf equal status which the Tourism department can provide to the area. Communication should be effective to ensure that the Tourists are kept appraised of all the facts of Tourist information which could hype up their interests to visit, spend money and support the local residents in terms of increasing their revenue (Dopson Nelson 2003). This would also give us an understanding that the Author has highlighted the proper communication and highlighting of the tourist destinations of Hobsons Bay in making its tourism competitive. Development of Infrastructure The infrastructure of Hobsons Bay is more well developed than St. Kilda and the probable disadvantages are more related to the type of infrastructure available in terms of transport like the rail and road transport, public accessibility of transport and effectiveness of infrastructure. Accommodation and culture and heritage conditions also play a major role (Coghlan 2006). Some of the critical infrastructure related issues include The Author has highlighted infrastructure related issues in terms of attracting the crowd like lack of heritage destinations where people will be highly attracted to and the greatest opportunity to capitalise on the rich maritime history of Hobsons Bay Even with the increase in marketing activities related to promoting the Tourism of Hobsons Bay, the site does not have enough resources of accommodation in terms of catering to the large no. of Tourists. This is a major drawback as Hobsons Bay is known for its enchanting sea side attractions Hobsons Bay lacks local transport to a major extent where the Tourists will not be able to move around if they dont travel by their personal transport. This includes the issues related to travelling to minor distances for food and drink and there has not been enough space for parking at Nelsons Place The public infrastructure especially in terms of Maritime Heritage close to Park Victoria has restricted the major opportunity to build focus in the same location (Victorias Tourism Industry Strategic Plan 20022006). This could be treated as a major opportunity to shift their focus to the immediate competitive area which is Hobsons Bay. In order to accomplish this plan, a commercial plan would be a better choice to build the required infrastructure (Kim 2008). We have identified that one of the major attractions of Hobsons Bay is its enchanting experience of nature where there is a lot of space for cycling and open air workouts. Development of the cycling paths will enhance the tourism experience of Hobsons Bay where the promotion of limited usage of transport will help in conservation of its environment (Scott, Laws Boksberger 2009). If the area and the accommodation of Hobsons Bay develop more of facilities for the disabled people, the tourism will increase explicitly (ABS 2003). The Hobsons Bay City Council can outsource food spaces where smaller Restaurants and Cafes can be established all through the Beach Side road where people can walk, watch the sunset, eat and drink (Strauss 2008). This would sound like a perfect short holiday get away where more no. of Australian Tourists will get attracted to. In order to develop the infrastructure in terms of increasing the accommodation facilities, the City Council should invite more of private vendors where they can invest and build the private properties. The analysis has also confirmed that Hobsons Bay has enough no. of private properties which were occupied by residents and the Private vendors can re design those existing old buildings and can shape them into places which can accommodate all types of people. This would solve the issue of finding a place to build new infrastructure for accommodation purposes in Hobsons Bay (Sheedy 2010). Data Collection Plan The data collection for conducting the research on Tourism development in Hobsons Bay was conducted by National Visitor Survey and by Tourism Research Australia where these sources have been regarded as the main sources of data (Smith Holmes 2010). This had a lot of authenticity in terms of collection, analysis and compilation as the data was majorly dependent on the no. of Visitors visiting Hobsons Bay on an annual basis (Hobsons Bay 2007). Questionnaire Hobsons Bay majorly is not under any Tourism region in order to analyse the data which exists however in this case the employees of National Visitor Survey have interviewed a lot of Tourists who visited Hobsons Bay with questions segregated under different heads like What is the nature of Holiday for which people usually travel to Hobsons Bay Do they visit for a weekend or is it only for a days trip What are the major attractions which they like doing in Hobsons Bay Is the trip intended for the Science Works Museum alone If given an opportunity with good accommodation facilities would they like to stay and spend a night at Hobsons Bay If they spend a complete week end at Hobsons Bay, what are the other Tourist attractions to which they would like to go to Would they like to recommend Hobsons Bay to any of their friends and family members who might be living in any of the International locations Do they imagine Hobsons Bay to be expensive than the other Tourist locations which they might be visiting (Hobsons Bay 2007) Are they looking for any special accommodation with any of the specialised rates What is the frequency at which they would like to travel to Hobsons Bay Would they like to take timely breaks even if during the weeks to travel to Hobsons Bay which would avoid the hassle of securing weekend accommodation (Dopson Nelson 2003). This questionnaire was targeting the year round visitors with a majority of visitors who used to visit Hobsons Bay for a day. There was a separate questionnaire to target the Visitors during the summer which included questions like What are the seasons in which you would like to travel to Hobsons Bay Are summers more attractive to spend in Hobsons Bay Do you feel that supporting tourism in Hobsons Bay is economically a viable option for the Country What are the major attractions they would like to visit in Hobsons Bay during summer How different is Hobsons Bay to the other Tourist locations which they visit How do they analyse food and drink options which are available in Hobsons Bay Would they like to open any business ventures in Hobsons Bay in order to enhance the employment opportunities (Finkelstien 2009). Sample Size Different locations of Hobsons Bay have varying no. of Visitors on a yearly basis. The major factors which contribute to attract the Tourists are Science Works research museum which has almost 350000 visitors on a yearly basis Coastal parks like Point Crook and Cheetham Wetlands managed to pull 200000 visitors on a yearly basis Altona Pier usually received about 130000 132350 visitors on a yearly basis Nelsons Place has about 170000 1750000 visitors on a yearly basis The research surveys conducted by National Visitor Survey and by Tourism Research Australia have interviewed random no. of Tourists who used to visit the locations mentioned earlier during different seasons in order to get the right pulse of the Tourist attractions of Hobsons Bay. Seasonal Visitors location wise in Hobsons Bay Location wise Visitors No. of Visitors Local 12% Victoria 48% Interstate 17% Overseas 23% Framing the Data Analysis Plan The present plan to conduct an analysis of the tourism was well designed and the review of the plan was well managed by the tourism development department and the City Council of Hobsons Bay with a high level participation of the tourists and the industry people. The critical objective was simple where the tourism analysis was to be conducted in order to improve the tourism in the area of Hobsons Bay (Huimin Ryan 2011). Ethics, Standards and Clearances The plan for the data analysis and for practicing the ethics, standards and clearances was as given below. Key Objective Action Plan To create a strong commitment to the Strategy and ensure its proper implementation in all the Tourist Sites Communicate regularly with all the critical stakeholder groups by using the tools and techniques of the Council in order to obtain a clearance from the Council members, forum members, the internal and external teams. The major groups which are to be included in getting a clearance are Industry departments Council Teams Community Members Involve all the groups in the strategical implementation meetings and the ongoing development activities Establish and maintain stronger relations with the Melbourne Tourism Board Keep the Stakeholders informed of all the high level strategical outputs and outcomes in order to ensure a better acceptability of the plan Timely review of the strategical plan and develop the strategy Consider the previous reports of the sustainable tourism and focus majorly on all the factors which have to be improved Conduct a mid performance review half way through the planned life cycle of the project Strategical plan to be developed with an effective implementation plan Improve the tourism sectors by collaborating with the essential vendors and improving the Tourist site overall Make an effective use of the Tourism generated revenue in order to improve the industry The main idea of improving the tourism would be to enhance the Hobsons Bay Area in terms of tourism, accommodation, infrastructure facilities, employment and tourist attractions like food and entertainment Ethical Standards in Research With the critical findings of the research which was conducted in Hobsons Bay related to its Tourism the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats were analysed by using the market standards. The weaknesses were listed in order to improve them. For example, it was found that there was not appropriate parking space and the area was around the beach and there was no scope to provide parking facilities for all the vehicles which came to Hobsons Bay (Hobsons Bay 2012). Genuine report standards of the forums and the City Councils were used in order to report the tourist analysis of Hobsons Bay. All the critical stakeholders were involved in all the meetings and monthly reviews in order to collect the feedback and work on improvement plans (Prasad and Dev 2000). Literature Review The Tourism plan of Hobsons Bay can be changed in the future depending on the newer strategical plans which might be made and the plan was made initially by considering the social and environmental conditions of improving the tourism prospects in Hobsons Bay. The plan was originally based on Melbourne Tourism and the challenges which the suburban tourism was facing. The research conducted in real was the major input for designing the tourism development plan of Hobsons Bay. The roles which were played by Melbourne Tourism, National Visitor Survey and by Tourism Research Australia were considered to be the most critical sources of the research. Statistical Technique Using the regression method and by applying the method of correlation parameters we have assumed the correlation co-efficient where its value is 0.78 and we show the direct relation between the no. of Tourists who have visited the place and the no. of days spent at Hobsons Bay by them (Radu, Huidumac, Costel Rossela 2010). Regression Analysis Multiple R factor 0.782 Square times R 0.612 Adjusted value of Square times R 0.573 Error 977,99 Results 12 These values confirm that 0.78 is the correlation and it has a direct relation between the no. of Tourists visiting Hobsons Bay and the no. of days spent by them at the Tourist Location. The results prove that they are the same as the correlation co-efficient. On the basis of the analysis and data collection which the National Visitor Survey and by Tourism Research Australia have done by considering the tourists season wise and between 2006 2008, we can confirm that the influence on the no. of tourists spent is 62% and the balance no. of Tourists keep visiting Hobsons Bay during some seasons. Conclusion The research and analysis which has been conducted to improve the sustainable tourism around Hobsons Bay provides information about various destinations for people who can come and visit the place. 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